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Chances are you hear the term bitcoin mining and your mind begins to wander to the Western fantasy of pickaxes, soil, and striking it rich. As it turns out, that analogy isnt too far off.

Far less glamorous but equally uncertain, bitcoin mining is performed by high-powered computers which solve complex computational math problems (read: so complicated that they cannot be solved by hand). The fortune and work required by a computer to solve one of those problems is that the equivalent of a miner striking gold in the ground while digging in a sandbox.

The end result of bitcoin mining is twofold. First, when computers solve these intricate math issues on the bitcoin network, they produce new bitcoin, not unlike when a mining operation extracts gold from the ground. And second, by solving computational mathematics issues, bitcoin miners create the bitcoin payment network trustworthy and secure, by verifying its transaction information. .

Theres a fantastic chance all of that only made so much sense. In order to explain how bitcoin mining functions in greater detail, lets begin with a process thats just a tiny bit closer to home: the regulation of printed currency.

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Consumers tend to trust printed currencies, at least in the United States. Feeling because the U.S. dollar is backed by a central bank called the Federal Reserve. In addition to a bunch of other responsibilities, the Federal Reserve regulates the production of new money and prosecutes the usage of counterfeit currency. .

Even digital payments using the U.S. buck are backed with a central authority. When you make an online purchase using your debit or charge card, for example, that transaction is processed by means of a payment processing company such as Mastercard or Visa. In addition to recording your transaction history, these companies verify that transactions are not fraudulent, and that's one reason that your credit or debit card may be suspended while traveling. .

Bitcoin, on the other hand, is not regulated by a central authority. Instead, bitcoin is backed by millions of servers across the world known as miners. This network of computers plays the identical function as the Federal Reserve, Visa, and article Mastercard, but using a few key differences. Like the Federal Reserve, Visa, and Mastercard, bitcoin miners record transactions and assess their accuracy.

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When someone makes a purchase or sale using bitcoin, we predict that a transaction. Transactions generated in-store and online are documented by banks, point-of-sale methods, and bodily receipts. Bitcoin miners achieve the exact same effect with no institutions by clumping transactions together in cubes and adding them to a public document called the blockchain. .

When Discover More bitcoin miners put in a new block of transactions to the blockchain, a part of their job is to ensure that those transactions are accurate. (More on the wonder of how this happens in a second.) In specific, bitcoin miners make sure bitcoin are not being duplicated, a unique quirk of electronic currencies called double-spending.

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Once you spend $20 in the store, that invoice is in the clerks hands. With electronic currency, nevertheless, it's a different story. .

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Digital information can be reproduced relatively easily, so with bitcoin and other digital currencies, there is a risk that a spender can make copy of their bitcoin and send it to another party while holding onto the original. Let's return to printed currency for a moment and say someone tried to replicate their 20 bill in order to spend the original and the counterfeit in a supermarket shop.

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When the numbers were identical, then the clerk would know the money had been duplicated. This analogy is similar to what a bitcoin miner does when they verify new transactions. .

With as many as 600,000 purchases and sales occurring in a single day, however, verifying each of these transactions can be a great deal of work for miners, which gets at one other key difference between bitcoin miners and the Federal Reserve, Mastercard, or Visa. As compensation for their efforts, miners are given bitcoin whenever they include a new block of transactions to the blockchain.

In 2009, it had been 50. In 2013, it had been 25, in the time of writing it's 12.5, and sometime in the center of 2020 it will halve to 6.25. .

At you could try these out this speed of halving, the entire number of bitcoin in circulation will approach a limit of 21 million, making the currency more scarce and precious over time but also more expensive for miners to produce.

Here's the catch. In order for bitcoin miners to actually earn bitcoin from verifying transactions, two things have to happen. To begin with, they need to confirm 1 megabyte (MB) worth of transactions, which can theoretically be as small as 1 transaction but are far more often a few thousand, depending on how much information each transaction shops.

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